There are many more features that you can discover in the PostgreSQL documentation. Case-insensitive and accent-insensitive collations.Support for international character sets, e.g.Many extensions that provide additional functionality, including PostGIS.Customizable storage interface for tables.Foreign data wrappers: connect to other databases or streams with a standard SQL interface.There are other languages available through extensions, e.g. Procedural Languages: PL/pgSQL, Perl, Python, and Tcl.Multi-factor authentication with certificates and an additional method.Authentication: GSSAPI, SSPI, LDAP, SCRAM-SHA-256, Certificate, and more.Point-in-time-recovery (PITR), active standbys.Replication: Asynchronous, Synchronous, Logical. Just-in-time (JIT) compilation of expressions.All transaction isolation levels defined in the SQL standard, including Serializable.Parallelization of read queries and building B-tree indexes.Multi-Version concurrency Control (MVCC).Transactions, Nested Transactions (via savepoints).Sophisticated query planner / optimizer, index-only scans, multicolumn statistics.Advanced Indexing: GiST, SP-Gist, KNN Gist, GIN, BRIN, Covering indexes, Bloom filters.Indexing: B-tree, Multicolumn, Expressions, Partial.Customizations: Composite, Custom Types.Document: JSON/JSONB, XML, Key-value (Hstore).Structured: Date/Time, Array, Range / Multirange, UUID.Primitives: Integer, Numeric, String, Boolean.As of this writing, no relational database meets full conformance with this standard.īelow is an inexhaustive list of various features found in PostgreSQL, with more being added in every major release: As of the version 15 release in October 2022, PostgreSQL conforms to at least 170 of the 179 mandatory features for SQL:2016 Core conformance. Further moves towards conformance can be expected over time. Many of the features required by the SQL standard are supported, though sometimes with slightly differing syntax or function. PostgreSQL tries to conform with the SQL standard where such conformance does not contradict traditional features or could lead to poor architectural decisions. For example, you can define your own data types, build out custom functions, even write code from different programming languages without recompiling your database! In addition to being free and open source, PostgreSQL is highly extensible. PostgreSQL comes with many features aimed to help developers build applications, administrators to protect data integrity and build fault-tolerant environments, and help you manage your data no matter how big or small the dataset. Getting started with using PostgreSQL has never been easier - pick a project you want to build, and let PostgreSQL safely and robustly store your data. It is no surprise that PostgreSQL has become the open source relational database of choice for many people and organisations. PostgreSQL runs on all major operating systems, has been ACID-compliant since 2001, and has powerful add-ons such as the popular PostGIS geospatial database extender. PostgreSQL has earned a strong reputation for its proven architecture, reliability, data integrity, robust feature set, extensibility, and the dedication of the open source community behind the software to consistently deliver performant and innovative solutions. The origins of PostgreSQL date back to 1986 as part of the POSTGRES project at the University of California at Berkeley and has more than 35 years of active development on the core platform. PostgreSQL is a powerful, open source object-relational database system that uses and extends the SQL language combined with many features that safely store and scale the most complicated data workloads.
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